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Coconut, Cocos nucifera / Palmae
We know the origin of most of the plants cultivated nowadays, thanks to the wild species. The coconut palm is an exception since there is no spontaneous population known of this plant. It probably comes from the South-east of Asia and its diversification centre was also this area, Indonesia and the Western Pacific islands. At present it has spread in all the tropical area. The Asian continent is the larger producer of coconut in the world.

The most recent data published from the FAO belong to 2000 and indicate that the world-wide production amount to 48,374,677 t, distributed by continents as follows:

ContinentTons
Africa1,699,250
Asia40,773,399
North and Central America1,901,966
Oceania1,885,640
South America2,114,422
Total48,374,677

Source: FAOSTAT Database Results (2000) ( http://www.fao.org )

In 1999, the world-wide production totalled 47,479,000 t (whereas in 2000 the production stepped up) and was distributed as follows:

ContinentThousand tons
Africa1,835
Asia40,764
North America and Central America1,905
Oceania1,931
South America1,044
Total47,479

Source: Fresh Produce Desk Book (2001)

As it is shown, the chief world-wide producer in 2000 is Asia with 40,773,399 t, followed by South America with 2,114,422 t. Europe has no production of this type of fruit.

The main producers of coconut are:

CountryTons
Indonesia13,000,000
India11,100,000
The Philippines11,000,000
Sri Lanka1,850,000
Brazil1,822,479
Thailand1,373,162
Mexico1,313,400
Vietnam1,133,707
Papua New Guinea695,000
Vanuatu364,000

Source: FAOSTAT Database Results (2000) ( http://www.fao.org )

The main annual producer is Indonesia with 13,000,000 t, followed by India and the Philippines with 11,100,000 t, respectively.

184,496 tons are imported in the world according to 1999 FAO data. The main importers are in the first place Malaysia, followed by China and the United States of America. The ten first import countries are shown in the table below:

CountryTons
Malaysia41,891
China24,546
The United States of America21,148
Singapore10,006
The Netherlands8,226
Thailand5,215
United Arab Emirates8,700
Canada4,904
Italy4,757
France4,705

Source: FAOSTAT Database Results (1999) ( http://www.fao.org )

Spain imported in 1999 two million seven hundred and fifty three thousand tons of coconuts from the producing countries.

The world-wide imports in 1999 amounted to 68,254 thousand dollars. China was the country with a larger quantity of money intended for imports, followed by the United States of America. The following table includes the ten first countries with greater capital investment in their imports.

CountryThousand dollars
China11,041
The United States of America10,632
United Arab Emirates4,100
Egypt3,652
Canada3,427
France3,106
The Netherlands2,942
Malaysia2,361
Hungary2,212
Germany2,154

Source: FAOSTAT Database Results (1999) ( http://www.fao.org )

In 1999, Spain invested 1,720 thousand dollars in its imports.

191,300 tons of coconuts were exported in the world according to FAO data from 1999. The main exporters are in the first place Indonesia, the Dominican Republic and Malaysia. The ten first exporting countries in the world are shown in the following table:

CountryTons
Indonesia38,136
Dominican Republic29,408
Malaysia25,548
Sri Lanka22,712
China13,181
Mexico12,404
Cote d"Ivoire11,000
Thailand8,840
The Netherlands8,496
Guatemala5,300

Source: FAOSTAT Database Results (1999) ( http://www.fao.org )

The world-wide exports in 1999 amounted to 55,702 thousand dollars. The country with greater economical contribution in its exports was Indonesia, followed by Mexico and the Dominican Republic. The following table includes the ten countries with greater capital investment in export.

CountryThousand dollars
Indonesia14,069
Mexico6,918
Dominican Republic6,287
Sri Lanka5,725
China4,871
The Netherlands2,965
Thailand2,870
Malaysia2,789
Vietnam1,100
The Philippines686

Source: FAOSTAT Database Results (1999) ( http://www.fao.org )
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