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Banana, Musa sp. / Musaceae
The origin of the banana tree is the Southeast of Asia, although the commercial culture originated in the Canary Islands, Spain, place where they are still produced.

At the moment, the world production amounts for 58 million tons and the main producing countries are South America, Central America and Asia.

The banana tree originates from the Southeast of Asia. From this origin it begun a long journey towards all the tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The first news on this species go back to the drawings found in the old ruins of the Java monument to Buddha, raised in Bordodur in 850 B.C. It is known in the Mediterranean 650 A.D. This species arrived at the Canary Islands in the XVth century; from there it was taken to America in 1516. The selected cultivars were introduced in the islands at the beginning of the XIXth century. The commercial production in the Canary Islands begins in the late part of the XIXth century and beginning of the XXth century.

The world production is:

Continent
Thousand tons%
Africa7,23212
Asia26,58845
Europe4251

North America
7,943:14
Oceania9512
South America15,29126
Total58,430100


Source: Fresh Produce Desk Book (1999)

The main producing countries of banana tree and banana in each continent are:

Country
Thousand tons 
 Banana treeBanana
India10,200F(*)-
Ecuador7,494F894F
Brazil5,551-
China3,241F-
Colombia2,200F2,597F
Costa Rica2,200F100F
Burundi1,399-
Uganda585F9,250F
Spain410-
Haiti288290F


Source: FAO Production Yearbook (1998)

(*) Value estimated by the FAO.

The main export countries are:

Country
Thousand $
Ecuador1,070,125
Bel-Lux759,202
Costa Rica601,029
Colombia476,102
The Philippines217,040
France189,136
Ivory coast87,000
The Netherlands75,608
Spain74,587
Germany72,789


Source: The FAO Trade Yearbook (1998)

The main import countries are the USA with 4,110,949, Japan with 864,854 and France with 315,148 thousand tons.

Therefore, the banana is easily found in all the markets and points of sale, being the world production around 58,000 thousand tons and the main producing countries South America, Central America and Asia. In Europe, the main producing centre are the Canary Islands, Spain, 440.000tm in a surface of 8.500ha devoted to production.

Since the implantation of the banana’s Common Market Organization (CMO), bananas from other countries are imported into Spain.

More than 90% of the Spanish production is marketed in the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal). The rest in the Canary Islands. Export outside the peninsula is only testimonial.
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