| Fruits |
Vegetables
|
Grape, Vitis vinifera / Vitaceae
The grapevine is native to Asia and it is well-known from Pre-history. Its culture began in the Neolithic period and it spread to the rest of Europe, arriving at the American continent. At present, the continent with larger production is Europe.
The grapevine is thought to originate in the Caucasus and western Asia and it was probably already harvested in the Palaeolithic. It is certain that there existed wild grapevines during the Tertiary Age. During the Neolithic period (6000 B. C.) the culture of the grapevine was initiated in Asia Minor and the Near East. They gradually selected the species with better production, until they obtained the current grapevines, of great fruit.
The Egyptians knew the grapevine, but the Greeks and the Romans where the ones who developed its culture to a greater extent, spreading it all over the Roman Europe. The Spaniards introduced this crop in North America.
At present, Europe is the main producing continent, standing for half of the world-wide production of grape. It is followed by Asia. The areas with a smaller amount of grape cultivation are Africa and Oceania. Grape production, both table grape and wine grape, by continents is the following:
Source: FAO Production Yearbook, 2000
The great majority of main producers are European. The first is Italy, followed by France, the United States and Spain. The following table shows the countries with greater production of table and wine grape:
Source: FAO Production Yearbook, 2000
The following table shows the main countries exporting grape (table and wine grape). Italy is the leader, followed by Chile, the United States and South Africa.
Source: FAO Trade Yearbook, 2000
Among the import countries, the United States is the first one, followed by Germany, China, United Kingdom and France.
Source: FAO Trade Yearbook, 2000
The grapevine is thought to originate in the Caucasus and western Asia and it was probably already harvested in the Palaeolithic. It is certain that there existed wild grapevines during the Tertiary Age. During the Neolithic period (6000 B. C.) the culture of the grapevine was initiated in Asia Minor and the Near East. They gradually selected the species with better production, until they obtained the current grapevines, of great fruit.
The Egyptians knew the grapevine, but the Greeks and the Romans where the ones who developed its culture to a greater extent, spreading it all over the Roman Europe. The Spaniards introduced this crop in North America.
At present, Europe is the main producing continent, standing for half of the world-wide production of grape. It is followed by Asia. The areas with a smaller amount of grape cultivation are Africa and Oceania. Grape production, both table grape and wine grape, by continents is the following:
| Continent | Tons | % |
|---|---|---|
| Africa | 3,176,623 | 5 |
| Asia | 13,658,494 | 22 |
| Europe | 31,453,476 | 50 |
| North America | 7,331,018 | 12 |
| South America | 5,297,958 | 9 |
| Oceania | 1,395,200 | 2 |
| Total | 62,312,769 | 100 |
Source: FAO Production Yearbook, 2000
The great majority of main producers are European. The first is Italy, followed by France, the United States and Spain. The following table shows the countries with greater production of table and wine grape:
| Country | Tons |
|---|---|
| Italy | 9,773,641 |
| France | 7,400,000 |
| The United tates | 6,792,000 |
| Spain | 5,646,400 |
| Turkey | 3,650,000 |
| China | 3,053,427 |
| Argentina | 2,424,990 |
| Iran | 2,350,000 |
| Germany | 1,648,000 |
| Chile | 1,575,000 |
Source: FAO Production Yearbook, 2000
The following table shows the main countries exporting grape (table and wine grape). Italy is the leader, followed by Chile, the United States and South Africa.
| Country | Tons |
|---|---|
| Italy | 577,344 |
| Chile | 473,525 |
| The United States | 280,155 |
| South Africa | 183,684 |
| Mexico | 107,797 |
| Spain | 98,255 |
| The Netherlands | 91,278 |
| Greece | 87,160 |
| Belgium-Luxembourg | 56,642 |
| Turkey | 47,943 |
Source: FAO Trade Yearbook, 2000
Among the import countries, the United States is the first one, followed by Germany, China, United Kingdom and France.
| Country | Tons |
|---|---|
| The United States | 383,672 |
| Germany | 349,411 |
| China | 163,333 |
| United Kingdom | 153,546 |
| France | 142,356 |
| Canada | 136,687 |
| The Netherlands | 132,789 |
| Belgium-Luxembourg | 95,064 |
| Poland | 88,040 |
| Mexico | 51,896 |
Source: FAO Trade Yearbook, 2000
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