The origin of melon is located, according to some botanists, in the south of Africa; other botanists think that it comes from Asia. This culture was introduced in the Mediterranean countries and America. At present, its culture is widely distributed
The world-wide production is around 19,000,000 tons and by continents the production of "cantaloup" melons and other types is as follows:
| Continent | Thousand tons | % |
|---|
| Africa | 1,031 | 5 |
| Asia | 12,790 | 66 |
| Europe | 2,845 | 15 |
| North America | 2,296 | 12 |
| Oceania | 74 | - |
| South America | 403 | 2 |
| Total | 19,439 | 100 |
Source: Fresh Produce Desk Book (1999)
The countries with larger production of "
Cantaloup" melon and other types are China, Turkey, the United States and Spain. The ten main countries are:
| Country | Tons |
|---|
| China | 6,406,384 |
| Turkey | 1,800,000 |
| The USA | 1,320,850 |
| Spain | 1,100,000 |
| Iran | 1,100,000 |
| Rumania | 900,000 |
| Egypt | 718,106 |
| Morocco | 655,000 |
| India | 640,000 |
| Italy | 529,199 |
Source: FAO Production Yearbook (2000)
The main import countries of "
Cantaloup" and other types of melon are the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada.
| Country | Tons |
|---|
| USA | 702,689 |
| United Kingdom | 150,000 |
| Canada | 132,608 |
| The Netherlands | 108,189 |
| France | 101,749 |
| Germany | 91,978 |
| Belgium-Luxembourg | 46,617 |
| Japan | 38,744 |
| Portugal | 28,660 |
| Italy | 23,364 |
Source: FAO Trade Yearbook (1999)
The following table shows the chief countries exporting melon:
| Country | Tons |
|---|
| Spain | 326,195 |
| México | 266,817 |
| Iran | 172,889 |
| USA | 160,959 |
| Costa Rica | 160,000 |
| Guatemala | 70,000 |
| Brazil | 65,453 |
| The Netherlands | 63,302 |
| Honduras | 60,000 |
| France | 47,360 |
Source: FAO Trade Yearbook (1999)
The leader of melon export at world-wide level is Spain, being the United Kingdom, Germany, France and the Netherlands the main destinies. For the N Hemisphere, Brazil is one of the main off-season suppliers.
Consequently, with the importance of Spain as an exporting country, melon is also one of the most important cultures in the country. The communities of Andalucía, Castilla-La Mancha, Murcia, Extremadura and Valencia stand out for a greater surface devoted to melon culture.
| Area | Hectares | Tons |
|---|
| Andalucía | 12,058 | 335,000 |
| Castilla-La Mancha | 15,156 | 237,000 |
| Region of Murcia | 5,411 | 182,000 |
| Extremadura | 4,453 | 79,000 |
| Comunidad Valenciana | 7,040 | 44,000 |
| Baleares | 1,191 | 29,000 |
| Cataluña | 930 | 16,000 |
| Castilla-León | 1,082 | 15,789 |
| Total | 46,239 | 922,000 |
Source: La Horticultura Española (2001), SECH, Sociedad Española de Ciencias Hortícolas.